Meaning & Definition of word "Gene"

Gene

/dʒiːn/

1. A unit of heredity that is transferred from a parent to offspring and determines some characteristic of the offspring.
- Example: The gene responsible for eye color is located on chromosome 15.
2. A segment of DNA that contains coding information for a particular protein or functional RNA.
- Example: Scientists are studying the specific gene that affects growth patterns in plants.
3. A sequence of nucleotides in DNA that encodes for a functional product, typically a protein.
- Example: Mutations in the BRCA1 gene are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
4. A factor that is considered to determine or influence a particular trait or characteristic.
- Example: His artistic talent was thought to be a gene passed down from his grandmother.
5. In a broader metaphorical sense, a characteristic or trait that is passed down through generations.
- Example: Her determination to succeed in business is a gene of her family legacy.

Derived from the Greek word 'genea' meaning 'generation' or 'race'.

gene pool:

The total genetic diversity found within a population.

jumping genes:

Genes that can move around within the genome.

turning on a gene:

Activating a gene to produce its corresponding protein.

allele:

A variant form of a gene.

genome:

The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.

chromosome:

A structure found in cells that contains DNA and genetic information.

Meaning: Gene is used humorously to refer to someone's inherent traits.

Example Sentence: He's got the athletic gene; he wins every race!

Meaning: To have the gene for something implies you are naturally inclined towards it.

Example Sentence: She's got the music gene; she plays multiple instruments.