Meaning & Definition
noun
An amount of something left over when requirements have been met; an excess.
The budget surplus allowed the government to invest in infrastructure projects.
The amount of a commodity or resource that exceeds the amount needed.
There was a surplus of crops this season, which led to lower prices in the market.
adjective
More than what is needed or usual.
They had a surplus supply of materials, so they donated the extra goods to charity.
Exceeding what is necessary; additional.
The surplus funding will help us expand the program to reach more students.
Etymology
Late Middle English: from Old French surplus, from Latin surplus 'remaining', from super- 'above' + plus 'more'.
Common Phrases and Expressions
trade surplus:
A situation in which a country exports more than it imports.
budget surplus:
A financial situation where revenue exceeds expenditures.
surplus value:
The value added by labor to a product beyond the cost of production.
Slang Meanings
Surplus energy
After a long run, I have so much surplus energy that I could dance all night.
Surplus cash
I have some surplus cash, so I'm thinking of investing.